PET Conventional Recycling Plant (Grinding, Separating, Washing and Drying)

Watch
Video for a simplified plant
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The description of the system follows the above design.
The system is designed for the production of technically clean PET-Flakes. It
comprises the separation of the PET flakes from PO and subsequently also from
PVC. Optionally a hot washing system is provides, in case the bottles have LDPE
or paper labels that are fixed with a glue that is not dissolvable in water.
Production Parameters:
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Grinding and Washing Plant: |
About 900 - 1000 kg/h
PET-bottles |
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Technically clean, dependent on water treatment. Suitable for sale or
further processing.
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Description of the process and the principal components
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Loading of the Material
The material arrives in bales and is thrown into a pit (civil works).
There the bales are opened manually by a helper who removes the binding
wires. The bales loosen up due to internal elastic tension. Then the
material is shoved onto the loading conveyor (Pos.1). Normally a
mechanical Bale-opener or a Guillotine is not necessary, but can be
provided as an option.
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Dissolving of the Bales and removal of coarse contamination such as stones,
small Fe-metal scraps etc.
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The material is conveyed (Pos. 2) to a Sieve-Trommel (Pos. 3) where the
bottles get separated and coarse contamination is removed. Subsequently
the bottles are discharged
to a conveyor (Pos. 4) and pass under a Fe-Separator(pos. 5) . This is
necessary to protect the grinder (Pos. 6) |
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Grinding in 2 steps (Vendor items)
In order to bring the flakes to the size of about 8 – 10 mm two grinders
are provided. The first with a grid of 50 mm, the second with a grid of
10 mm. The first Grinder (Pos.6) with grid 50 mm is loaded by the
mounting conveyor (Pos.4). The flakes are conveyed by a Pneumatic
Transport System (Pos. 7) to the second grinder (Pos. 8) with grid size
10 mm grinds the bottles to a
flake - size of 8 – 10 mm.
Subsequently the material passes, via another Pneumatic Transport (Pos.
9) To a Dosage Auger (Pos. 10) for intermediate storage ahead of the
Washing Machine ML (Pos.12)
(Option) which by action of hot water and additives, such as Soda or
others, removes the glue and the labels of the bottles.
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Hot Washing and removal of glues and labels from the bottles
(Option)
The Washing Machine ML 1400 (Pos.12) combines the hot washing and removal of the
glue and the attached pieces of labels from the surface of the flakes. The
patented principle of the system is derived from the mechanical design of the Costarelli densifier, and combines the shredding effect of the rotor blades and
the washing caused by injected water and the mutual friction of the plastic
particles. Tangentially injected air avoids that the plastic particles stick to
the side walls of the drum. In this case the material is already ground so the
rotor is used to move the material and generate friction between the blade
carrier and the bottom plate of the machine.
The process is batch-wise. The material is loaded from the top and after the
washing cycle discharged through a laterally located hydraulically operated
flap.
The washing water is discharged through the bottom of the drum. A sieve
separates the material from the residues of the washing process. The water can
be recirculated before it has to be treated in a simplified
water recirculation- and treatment plant.
Deep washing
and rinsing
of the Flakes by action of the Turbowash
To obtain the very low degree of impurities required for PET flakes a deep
washing process by two Turbowash machines (Pos. 18 and 19) is provided. For a
maximum cleanness of the flakes the Turbowash flushes and rinses the flakes with
a great quantity of water and subjects them again to the impact of rotating
blades. The design principle of the
Turbowash corresponds to a horizontal centrifuge.
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Dosage Auger for Turbowash |
Turbowash |
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Two Turbowash's in Operation |
Rotor with Blades and replaceable Wear-Plates |
The Turbowash is specially designed for ruggedness and high reliability. The
rinsing - washing effect is caused by the introduction of important quantities
of water and the high centrifugal acceleration (600 U/min), the impact of the
flakes on the blades and the mutual friction of the rotating plastic-flakes.
Simultaneously paper and cellulose is rubbed off the flakes. A special ejection
blade provides for high throughput / production, the angle of incidence of the
blades provides fort he longitudinal transport of the flakes. The washing water
flows into the water circuit via a duct on the bottom of the Turbowash.
Separation of PET- flakes form PE / PP
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Subsequently a
drained auger (Pos.20) conveys the material to the
Float-Sink tank (Pos.22). Due to their specific weight >1 the
PET sinks, whereas PE/PP, labels and taps float and are removed. These
taps and labels have a high commercial value. Because they have passed
through the ML 1400 and the Turbowashs they are already cleaned. For
efficient separation the material is fed into the tank below the
surface.
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Hydrocyclone for separation of PET from PVC (Option, Vendor item)
To separate the remaining PVC from PET a Hydrocyclone (Pos. 27) is necessary,
because both PET and PVC sink to the bottom of the tank due to their specific
weight > 1. The PVC passes through a vibration sieve (Pos. 28) and is
discarded.It has to be determined how many Hydrocyclones are necessary in order
to reduce the PVC content to 1 ppm.
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Hydrocyclone |
Vibration sieve |
Drying of the Flakes
After passing through another sieve Trommel (Pos. 29) the flakes are dried to
about 1 -2 % in the
The Dynamic Drying Centrifuge is a horizontal centrifuge which combines cleaning
and drying of the material.
The centrifuge 850/10 is specially designed for ruggedness (Weight of rotor ca.2
t, total weight ca. 4.5 t) and high reliability. The cleaning and drying effect
is due to the high centrifugal acceleration (1200 RPM), the impact of the flakes
on the blades and the mutual friction of the rotating material.
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Centrifuge with pneumatic Transport |
Rotor with wear plates
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The centrifuge is provided with a slowly counter rotating sieve basket. The
impact of the material and the water droplets on the sieve basket causes a
self-cleaning effect of the basket.
The residual humidity depends on the thickness of the flakes.
Storage and BigBag Loading for Sale
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After the drying the flakes are conveyed by a pneumatic transport to the Mixer
Silo (Pos. 34) and then to the Storage Silo (Pos.35) from which the can be
filled into BigBags for shipping.
Project - Parameters:
The space requirement is about 750 m2 (without storage space). This
can be optimized together with the buyer during the detailed planning phase. A
simple prefabricated building and a concrete slab foundation is sufficient
canals for electric cables and water has to be foreseen.
Operation Parameters:
The plant can be operated automatically via a PLC (not included) according to
the buyer’s requirements.
Personnel Requirements (4 Turn-Operations):
1 Turn-Supervisor with tradesman’s education
1 Fork-lift truck driver
1 Helper
Personnel not in Turn:
1 Manager
1 Secretary
1 Electrician
1 Mechanic
Energy Requirement:
Installed Power about 830 kW
Energy consumption (2/3 Installed Power) 560 kWh
Water Consumption / Treatment Requirements:
The washing water re-circulates in a closed circuit.
The following quantities are re-circulated:
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Washing water [lit/min] |
Cooling water [Lit/min] |
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ML1400 Washing Machine |
250 (hot water) |
15 |
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Turbowash |
150 |
15 |
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Tank |
150 - 200 |
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Centrifuge CDO 850 |
30 |
15 |
The requirement for water treatment depends on the dirtiness of the bottles. In
case the bottles are relatively clean a simple system can be foreseen.
We estimate that about 5 m3/h of fresh water have to be added (2 m3/h
loss during drying and evaporation and 3 m3/h have to be discharged
to the public water treatment plant).
OCI GmbH
Baarerstrasse 95,
CH 6301 Zug, Schweiz
GF:
Hubert v. Navarini, Dipl. Ing.
Tel +41 81 3531685 /
Fax +41 81 3535109
navarini@navarini.com
Officine
Meccaniche Costarelli s.r.l., Perugia (I)
New: Complete recycling plant with 3rd generation concept